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ABSTRACT
| Title |
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Anatomical structure of some spontaneous plant species under the influence of air polluting agents in southern Tunisia |
| Authors |
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Fayçal Boughalleb, Mohamed Tarhouni, Fatma Lahouithek, Raoudha Abdellaoui |
| Keywords |
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Lygeum spartum, Erodium glaucophyllum, Reaumuria vermiculata, gases pollution, cement dust, anatomical changes. |
| Issue Date |
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Jul 2019 |
| Abstract |
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Anatomical changes induced by air pollutants (cement and chemical factories of Gabes, Tunisia) in Lygeum spartum Loelf., Erodium glaucophyllum L. and Reaumuria vermiculata L. were evaluated. Significant increase in root cortex thickness of L. spartum and E. glaucophyllum was recorded under pollution. Also, a proliferation of cortical parenchyma cells area and thickening of cortical cell walls from polluted sites was noticed. The stem cortex and pith thickness was reduced in E. glaucophyllum and R. vermiculata under pollution. Furthermore, the size of xylem elements increased in the roots of L. spartum and E. glaucophyllum growing near cement factory while decreased significantly in E. glaucophyllum and R. vermiculata stems. Leaf lamina and mesophyll thickness increased in E. glaucophyllum and decreased in L. spartum and R. vermiculata in polluted areas. Leaf vascular tissue area increased in E. glaucophyllum submitted to pollution and reduced in R. vermiculata leaves exposed to cement dust. The effects of pollutants could also be observed in the stomata size (decrease) and density (increase). Dark deposits were observed in root cortical cells, stem cambium area and in mesophyll cell wall of R. vermiculata. The dark deposits are present in cortical cells and stem vascular system of E. glaucophyllum and only in root cortex of L. spartum. These anatomical changes resulted from cumulative environmental conditions especially under the effects of cement dust. The tolerance degree is indirectly correlated with the intensity of injuries which occur in plant structure. Our experiments identified L. spartum and E. glaucophyllum as more tolerant to pollutants. |
| Page(s) |
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182-194 |
| ISSN |
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0975-9492 |
| Source |
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Vol. 10, No.7 |
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